مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تربت حیدریه
سال دهم شماره 3 (پاییز 1401)

Sports training and the use of herbal supplements, in addition to weight loss properties, can reduce diseases caused by this disease. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of concurrent training with rooibos supplement on atherogenic index and insulin resistance and some liver enzymes of overweight women.

24 overweight women with an age range of 23 to 64 years were randomly placed in 4 groups: control, supplement, exercise, supplement + exercise. Participants in the supplement group received 2 grams of rooibos tea daily for 8 weeks. Concurrent exercises were performed for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week. Indexes (insulin resistance, atherogenic index, ALT and AST) were evaluated before the start of training and after the last training session. The data were analyzed using spss software version 22 at the level of p<0.05.

The level of liver enzymes decreased significantly in the training and supplement groups (p<0.05), but no significant effect was observed in the other groups. No significant change was found in the levels of atherogenic index in any of the groups. HOMA-IR index decreased significantly in 2 groups of exercise+supplement and exercise (p=0.045 and P=0.017, respectively). The ratio of body mass index and weight had a significant decreasing trend in all groups except the control (p<0.05).

Concurrent training with and without rooibos supplement can reduce the risk factors caused by obesity and reduce insulin and enzyme resistance factors, and this method can be used to control weight.

Health education status is not desirable in Iran, and determining competencies of health workers seems necessary for resolving this problem. The current study aimed exploring expected competencies of health educator.

This qualitative study was conducted using content analysis method and Lundman & Graneheim approach in 2019. 31 Health education and promotion specialists, health experts and physicians were selected by using purposive sampling methods. Data were collected through semi-structure interview and were analyzed by using content analysis method. For trustworthiness of data, criteria such as credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability were considered.

Our results indicated that the three most important factors influencing SVI or social indicators are number of educated and graduated individuals, number of physicians in hospitals and hospital beds and income level. Sensitive conditions are socially vulnerable. In addition, all cities have high social vulnerability, but Hirmand and Nimroz cities still have sensitive conditions in terms of social vulnerability.

31 people participated in this study. In addition to the themes related to scientific and professional competencies, another theme was emerged in terms of personal characteristics of health educators. This theme was composed of 11 main categories, including ethical and profession commitment, self-confidence, being a role model, being consulted, desirable belief, individual and occupational development, health, cultural competencies, being interested, appropriate appearance, and background characteristics.

Caregivers of patients with Covid-19 are among those at risk for psychological disorders. The aim of this study was to depression, anxiety and stress of caregivers of patients with covid-19 who referred to the 9 Dey hospital of Torbat Heydarieh city.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed by purposive sampling in the period of November to December 2016 with the participation of 255 caregivers of patients with Covid-19 in Torbat Heydariyeh. Data collection tools included demographic questionnaire and standardized 21-DASS questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software and one-way analysis of variance and LSD post hoc test.

In the present study, the severity of most of the disorders mentioned in the caregivers of patients with covid-19 was at a moderate level. The level of depression, anxiety and stress of the participants was 47%, 45% and 41.5%, respectively. The ANOVA test showed a statistically significant difference between the level of depression of the caregivers and the marital status of the participants (p=0.043). According to the LSD posttest, the level of depression in the deceased spouse group was higher than the other groups. In addition, the stress of caregivers was different according to the age of the participants (p=0.039) and its amount was higher in the age group of 31 to 50 years than in other groups.

According to the results of the present study, it can be said that depression, anxiety and stress in caregivers of patients with covid-19 are at an average level and vary according to their demographic characteristics.

Physical activity as an educational tool has broad psychological-social goals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of an aerobic training on bio-motor ability, aggression, anxiety and academic progress of high school female students during the corona pandemic.

In this semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design, 40 overweight female students of the second secondary schools of Zabol city were cluster randomly selected and divided into two control and experimental groups. The training program was followed for 12 weeks with an intensity of 65-80% of maximum heart rate. Physical fitness factors, academic performance, aggression and anxiety were measured at the beginning and end of the study. The research findings were processed using paired t-tests and analysis of covariance.

After 12 weeks of training, the scores of academic performance, aerobic power, anaerobic power and the number of repetitions of muscular endurance increased significantly, and the score of aggression, anxiety and sprint time decreased significantly (p<0.05). The average changes of these indices were significantly different from the control group (p<0.05). 

Aerobic training can improve the physical and psychological health and academic progress of students in the days of Corona and quarantine.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) acts as a genotoxic, cytotoxic, and a potential hepatocarcinogen agent. Any contact with aflatoxins is a main threat to workers in the waste management industry. On the other hand, just a few studies have investigated occupational exposure to mycotoxins in the aforementioned industry. In this study, the exposure level of workers to dust and AFB1 has been investigated in dry and wet waste sorting and recycling management centers of Karaj city. 

18 surface samples from bread separation, 18 surface samples of plastic separation, and 18 samples for control locations from the dry waste recycling centers, and 20 surface dust samples from the work environment of the wet sorting department of the center in the spring and fall seasons, and also 20 control samples were collected. After extraction and purification processes, the amount of AFB1 in the surface samples was measured by HPLC.

The amount of dust and AFB1 levels of the surface samples collected from dry bread and plastic sorting places as well as wet waste sorting sites were higher in comparison with the control places in the spring and fall seasons. 

Based on the results, the workers in this industry are exposed to AFB1 and the risks associated with its exposure.

Important challenge for treatment of urinary tract infections is the spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) producing Escherichia coli. Therefore, the frequencies of main beta-lactamase genes, resistance to beta-lactams and the ability of ESBLs production in urinary and fecal Escherichia coli of women with urinary tract infections were compared.

In 60 Escherichia coli isolates, including 30 isolates from urine and 30 isolates from stool of 30 women with urinary tract infections, the presence of blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes was investigated using polymerase chain reaction, resistance to ceftazidime, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone was investigated by the disk diffusion technique and the frequency of ESBLs producing isolates was investigated by the phenotypic confirmation method of the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute.

The frequencies of blaCTX-M and blaTEM in fecal isolates were 73.3% and 86.7%, and in urinary isolates were 83.3% and 90%, respectively. Resistance to ceftazidime, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone was equally observed in 10% of fecal isolates and 23.3%, 20% and 20% of urinary isolates, and 3.3% of fecal isolates and 13.3% of urinary isolates were ESBLs producers. These frequencies were not significantly different between fecal and urinary isolates. The noticeable similarities of the studied characteristics among the fecal and urinary isolates of each woman strengthen the possibility of existence of genetic similarity between urinary infection agents and intestinal flora or transmission of mobile genetic elements between them.

Performing the antimicrobial susceptibility tests on clinical samples is necessary to select the most effective drug and reduce treatment costs.

 Molecular imaging enables us to non-invasively visualize tissue microstructures and lesion characterization, allowing accurate diagnosis of diseases at early stages. A successful molecular imaging requires a nontoxic contrast agent with high sensitivity. Nowadays, a wide range of nanoparticles have been developed as contrast agents for medical imaging modalities. Here, we review gold nanoparticle based contrast agents employed in biomedical imaging modalities and address their structure-related features, advantages, and limitations.

In this narrative review study, the relevant documents were collected using keywords such as CT/MRI/PET/Optical Imaging, Gold Nanoparticles-based contrast agent, Contrast media, and Molecular Imaging with no time limit at the databases of Web of Science, PubMed,and Scopus.

Gold nanoparticles offer several advantages, including facile surface modification, controllable physical properties, biocompatibility, nontoxicity and long circulation time

 Gold-based nanomaterials (AuNMs)ز with high atomic number and density as well as excellent biocompatibility are known to have good potential to be used as contrast media in biomedical imaging.

From the beginning of theorizing in nursing, relationship was proposed as an essential element in care. Love is also an essential element in a relationship. Although the place of love in nursing has not been explained systematically, the works of theorists such as Watson and others` works are significant. Therefore, this study is presented with the aim of explaining love in the relationship between nurse and client.

To explain the concept of love in nursing, articles related to this concept were reviewed in internet and library resources until September 2022. First, the electronic databases were searched with the keywords of love, relationship, nurse, client, and nursing in Farsi and English separately and combined. Then by reviewing the summary, related articles were identified and the text of the articles was studied completely. In completing the search process, authentic library sources were also checked.

The functions of love in communication include deepening interpersonal relationship, healing relationship, job richness and stability of care, which can be realized in the context of virtuous ethics.

Although the most important challenges for its advancement, i.e. the presence of loving nurses and the need for sufficient human resources, are obstacles to its implementation, but the use of love in nursing with an emphasis on moral and spiritual teachings and leadership can improve the position to become a professional nurse. The strength of love in nursing is recommended as a humane approach to increase favorable outcomes for the client and the nurse.